Rwanda: Ntamunyarwanda wigeze yibwirako azava mugihugu muli 1994
Banyarubuga,
Mbere ya 1994, abenshi tukili mu gihugu nta na limwe umuntu yumvaga ko azava mu gihugu cye. Cyane cyane ko n'abali barabaye impunzi mbere yaho bali barateye bashaka kugaruka, bituma haba imishyikirano, irangira hemejwe igabana ry'ubutegetsi ry'abateraga n'abaterwaga, yewe n'itahuka ry'impunzi zose.
Uko byagenze nyuma bibara umupfu. Mu kwa kane 1994, baba bivuganye Prezida Habyalimana, imirwano hagati ya FAR na FPR irubura, interahamwe n'inkotanyi zikajjya zirushanwa kwica abantu benshi, mu turerere twose tw'igihugu barahunga karahava.
Inkotanyi zimaze gutsinda, jyewe zantsanze mu mkambi y'i Kibeho. Tugihali rero, Bwana Twagiramungu, wali, cg wibwiraga ko ali Ministre w'intebe ya Gouvernoma y'ubumwe, afatanije na ba Seth Sendashonga na Bihozagara bilirwaga batwutsa igitutu ngo nidutahe dusubire iwacu. Ndibuka batubwira, ngo "ntibashobora kwihanganira agahugu mu kandi, kuko batsindiye igihugu cyose. Ngo rwose byanze bikunze tugomba gutaha, twakanga, bakatuvugutira umuti. Uwo muti ngo urashaliriye, ngo aliko byanze bikunze tuzawunywa".
Ntibyatinze koko wa muti bavugaga barawutuvugutira muw'1995, mwese mwarabyiboneye. Babiteguye bucece, babikora ku mugaragaro, amashyirahamwe y'abagiraneza n'ingabo za Minuar II bahali. Amaphotos yahafashwe arabigaragaza.
Nyuma gato, uwitwa Twagiramungu n'abantu bamuherekeje badusanga mu Burundi baje ngo kudukangulira ngo nidutahe. Ali mu mkambi ya Magara, hali impunzi yamubajije iti "ese wowe Twagiramungu n'uhunga uzemera ko bagusubiza mu Rwanda ku ngufu ko turuzi uliho ubiduhatira" ? Icyo gihe uyu mugabo ngo ukorera politike mu kirere yamushubije ko "atazigera ahunga, ko ayoboye gouvernoma y'ubumwe na demokrasi, kandi ko nta n'impamvu yo guhunga afite, ko atameze nka bamwe basize banitse imirambo ku misozi".
Ntihashize kabili, numva ngo Twagiramungu, Sendashonga, n'abandi balimo ba Lizinde ngo barahunze. Uwambere we yigiliye inama ahungira kure, abasigaye muli Kenya barawunyoye, wa muti badutozaga kunywa tukili i Kibeho. Ntihagire unyumva nabi, ntawe nishimira ibyago byamubayeho. Ndavuga gusa ibirebana n'ibyo bavugaga, ibikorwa byabo, n'amakuba yababayeho. Biratangaje, burya iby'iyi si ni amabanga.
Nyuma y'aho gato, uwitwa Rwigema Pierre Célestin adusanga muli Tanzania, mu nkambi ya Benaco, ati nje kubacyura. Icyo gihe yali aherekejwe na Iyamuremye. Uyu wa kabili, ati sinumva rwose icyo muhunga. Ati mwali iki se kugirango mukomeze gukulikira abicanyi? Ati jyewe ndi umukwe wa Théodold Sindikubwabo, kandi nali chef wa Sureté y'igihugu. Ati aliko nitandukanyije n'abicanyi balimo databukwe na baramu banjye, nemera gukorera gouvernoma y'ubumwe bw'abanyarwanda. Bati mutahe ni amahoro.
Na none ntihashize kabili, numva ngo Rwigema yarahafashe, ahungira muli USA, aho Gouvernoma yitwa "nziza" yakoreraga aza kudutunda yilirwa ishaka ko bamubohereza kugirango bamucire urubanza rw'ubwicanyi yakoze muli 1994. Namubonye i Paris yaje kuvuga mu nama yali yahabereye ukuntu FPR yamaze abantu. Sinzi niba yarabibonye amaze guhunga.
Ubwo siniliwe mvuga uwitwa Gasana, wabaye igihe Minaffet, wafashije inkotanyi gufata igihugu azemerera inkambi hagati mu mugi wa Kigali, bityo azikorera abishaka ibyo ahandi bise "cheval de Troie". Uyu yilirwaga aduhira ngo abahutu bahunze bose ni abanazi bashya bo muli Afrika, ngo ibihugu byabahaye ubuhungiro byose ngo nibibirukane. Yazengurutse aho bali hose, yamara kuhava bakabahindamo. Ibiramambu ni uko nawe yali yarahungishije umugore we n'abana. Cyangwa niwe wali waligobotoye uliya mugabo, yifatira iye nzira aza kwishakira ubuhungiro aho atazongera kumuvegeta. Nawe rero n'uko, bimwe yifulizaga abandi byamugezeho, yaka ubuhungiro muli USA. Muzongere mwumve avuge. Agomba kuba asigaye agira isoni zo kuva aho atuye ngo ahure n'abandi banyarwanda.
Mwumvise vuba aha Safari Stanley, nawe ngo wali umukwe wa Sindikubwabo. Yali yarabaye umuhutu de service ukaze cyane, umugaragu w'inkuramutima wa Kagame, kuburyo yicaga agakiza. Mu gihe ahandi bashakashaka bakavumbura ibintu byagilira akamaro abatuye isi yose nko kujya kuli Mars, cg kuvumbura umuti wa malaliya cg wa sida, we yavumbuye ko abahutu bavukana imbuto ya génocide. Ngo bakurana idéologie yayo, cg ya révisionnisme. Yafungishije abantu karahava. Yabaye imena mu kwigisha mu ngando akora "lavage d'esprit", kwoza ubwonko bw'abo badahuje ibitekerezo. Ubanza aliko bitaramuhiliye. Mu minsi ishize ngo nawe yarahafashe, aho ageze bakamuvugiliza induru. Bikababaza urubyaro rwe aliko nta wuhishira umurozi. Ubu ngo yaba asigaye yihisha muli USA.
Ibigezweho rero noneho ni uguhunga kwa ba Ambabassadeurs Bizimana na Nyamwasa, ukwongeraho uwahoze ali chef wabo Bumaya. Ngaho namwe mwo kabyara mwe, mwabonye igihugu abantu bose bavamo biruka bameze nk'ubuhuza? Bizimana baramurega ko yakoranaga na FDU. Nyamwasa we yali uwo mu kazu ka Nakivala ngo hali iby'amafaranga basahuye muli RDC no gushaka guhilika ubutegetsi bwa Kagame bamuvugaho. Nawe yigeze kwihandagaza avuga ko "azica, yongere yice abazashaka gutera u Rwanda kugeza igihe inyota yo gutera ibavamo". Mwumve nawe bimugezeho. Ubu arashakishilizwa ku ruhindu n'ibihugu 3, Espagne yiciye abapadiri n'abafrères, Ubufransa yahekuliye abaderevu b'indege ya Kinani, n'Urwanda rwa mwene Rutagambwa ngo ateramo grenades.
Bumaya we Kagame yali yaramugize ingwiza murongo. Ngo ntiyashoboye gushyira mu bikorwa ikemezo cyo kumara abarwanya leta ye bali mu mahanga. We aliko yigeze kuza muli Togo akili Minaffet, avugana n'abantu mu mwiherero, ati erega burya ntacyo tubarusha, ati yego turacyali mu byacu, aliko ejo cyangwa ejobundi wakwumva inkotanyi zatwivuganye cg twahunze nkamwe.
Burya rero abantu si bamwe. Hali ibigwali byinshi byiganje mu banyarwanda. Umuco wo guhakwa no guhakishwa abandi waratwokamye. Ubonye uko agera ku mbehe y'ubutware, abishoboye yakwihakana se na nyina aliko akabigeraho. Kugambanira mugenzi wawe ntibikili ikibazo. Ikibazo kiba gusa iyo bikugezeho. Ibi rero bikwiliye kutugira inama yo kwita ku bibazo bya bagenzi bacu. Ntidukwiliye kwishimira ko bano cg baliya bahunze bakaba basigaye ali imbuza karago. Ntidukwiye kwishimira ko ba naka bafunzwe kandi ali abere. Ahubwo dukwiliye kwimikaza umuco w'ubupfura, wo gufashanya no gutabarana. Dukwiliye guhuliza ku cyatuma igihugu cyacu gitera imbere, ntihakongere kuboneka abantu basenya, ahubwo twese tukabwilizwa kucyubaka. Dukwiliye kwivanamo amacakubili yimikaza ubwoko, uturere n'ibindi byose bitadufitye akamaro.
Nimucyo duhaguruke dushyireho inzego za demokarasi isesuye. Niyo yonyine izaca akaga ko kongera guhunga igihugu cyatwibarutse. Bizoroha se kubigeraho? Kagame n'abamwungilije, nduzi igihugu barakifatiye, sinzi uzashobora kukibagobotora mu ntoki aho azava. Ndakeka aliko, ko Urwanda ruzatubyalira intwali zo kurutabara. Ashobora kuba wowe cg jyewe. Imana ikomeze irambulireho amaboko igihugu cyacu n'abakilimo bose.
Muhorane amahoro.
Dieudonné RWASIBO
Mbere ya 1994, abenshi tukili mu gihugu nta na limwe umuntu yumvaga ko azava mu gihugu cye. Cyane cyane ko n'abali barabaye impunzi mbere yaho bali barateye bashaka kugaruka, bituma haba imishyikirano, irangira hemejwe igabana ry'ubutegetsi ry'abateraga n'abaterwaga, yewe n'itahuka ry'impunzi zose.Uko byagenze nyuma bibara umupfu. Mu kwa kane 1994, baba bivuganye Prezida Habyalimana, imirwano hagati ya FAR na FPR irubura, interahamwe n'inkotanyi zikajjya zirushanwa kwica abantu benshi, mu turerere twose tw'igihugu barahunga karahava.
Inkotanyi zimaze gutsinda, jyewe zantsanze mu mkambi y'i Kibeho. Tugihali rero, Bwana Twagiramungu, wali, cg wibwiraga ko ali Ministre w'intebe ya Gouvernoma y'ubumwe, afatanije na ba Seth Sendashonga na Bihozagara bilirwaga batwutsa igitutu ngo nidutahe dusubire iwacu. Ndibuka batubwira, ngo "ntibashobora kwihanganira agahugu mu kandi, kuko batsindiye igihugu cyose. Ngo rwose byanze bikunze tugomba gutaha, twakanga, bakatuvugutira umuti. Uwo muti ngo urashaliriye, ngo aliko byanze bikunze tuzawunywa".
Ntibyatinze koko wa muti bavugaga barawutuvugutira muw'1995, mwese mwarabyiboneye. Babiteguye bucece, babikora ku mugaragaro, amashyirahamwe y'abagiraneza n'ingabo za Minuar II bahali. Amaphotos yahafashwe arabigaragaza.
Nyuma gato, uwitwa Twagiramungu n'abantu bamuherekeje badusanga mu Burundi baje ngo kudukangulira ngo nidutahe. Ali mu mkambi ya Magara, hali impunzi yamubajije iti "ese wowe Twagiramungu n'uhunga uzemera ko bagusubiza mu Rwanda ku ngufu ko turuzi uliho ubiduhatira" ? Icyo gihe uyu mugabo ngo ukorera politike mu kirere yamushubije ko "atazigera ahunga, ko ayoboye gouvernoma y'ubumwe na demokrasi, kandi ko nta n'impamvu yo guhunga afite, ko atameze nka bamwe basize banitse imirambo ku misozi".
Ntihashize kabili, numva ngo Twagiramungu, Sendashonga, n'abandi balimo ba Lizinde ngo barahunze. Uwambere we yigiliye inama ahungira kure, abasigaye muli Kenya barawunyoye, wa muti badutozaga kunywa tukili i Kibeho. Ntihagire unyumva nabi, ntawe nishimira ibyago byamubayeho. Ndavuga gusa ibirebana n'ibyo bavugaga, ibikorwa byabo, n'amakuba yababayeho. Biratangaje, burya iby'iyi si ni amabanga.
Nyuma y'aho gato, uwitwa Rwigema Pierre Célestin adusanga muli Tanzania, mu nkambi ya Benaco, ati nje kubacyura. Icyo gihe yali aherekejwe na Iyamuremye. Uyu wa kabili, ati sinumva rwose icyo muhunga. Ati mwali iki se kugirango mukomeze gukulikira abicanyi? Ati jyewe ndi umukwe wa Théodold Sindikubwabo, kandi nali chef wa Sureté y'igihugu. Ati aliko nitandukanyije n'abicanyi balimo databukwe na baramu banjye, nemera gukorera gouvernoma y'ubumwe bw'abanyarwanda. Bati mutahe ni amahoro.
Na none ntihashize kabili, numva ngo Rwigema yarahafashe, ahungira muli USA, aho Gouvernoma yitwa "nziza" yakoreraga aza kudutunda yilirwa ishaka ko bamubohereza kugirango bamucire urubanza rw'ubwicanyi yakoze muli 1994. Namubonye i Paris yaje kuvuga mu nama yali yahabereye ukuntu FPR yamaze abantu. Sinzi niba yarabibonye amaze guhunga.
Ubwo siniliwe mvuga uwitwa Gasana, wabaye igihe Minaffet, wafashije inkotanyi gufata igihugu azemerera inkambi hagati mu mugi wa Kigali, bityo azikorera abishaka ibyo ahandi bise "cheval de Troie". Uyu yilirwaga aduhira ngo abahutu bahunze bose ni abanazi bashya bo muli Afrika, ngo ibihugu byabahaye ubuhungiro byose ngo nibibirukane. Yazengurutse aho bali hose, yamara kuhava bakabahindamo. Ibiramambu ni uko nawe yali yarahungishije umugore we n'abana. Cyangwa niwe wali waligobotoye uliya mugabo, yifatira iye nzira aza kwishakira ubuhungiro aho atazongera kumuvegeta. Nawe rero n'uko, bimwe yifulizaga abandi byamugezeho, yaka ubuhungiro muli USA. Muzongere mwumve avuge. Agomba kuba asigaye agira isoni zo kuva aho atuye ngo ahure n'abandi banyarwanda.
Mwumvise vuba aha Safari Stanley, nawe ngo wali umukwe wa Sindikubwabo. Yali yarabaye umuhutu de service ukaze cyane, umugaragu w'inkuramutima wa Kagame, kuburyo yicaga agakiza. Mu gihe ahandi bashakashaka bakavumbura ibintu byagilira akamaro abatuye isi yose nko kujya kuli Mars, cg kuvumbura umuti wa malaliya cg wa sida, we yavumbuye ko abahutu bavukana imbuto ya génocide. Ngo bakurana idéologie yayo, cg ya révisionnisme. Yafungishije abantu karahava. Yabaye imena mu kwigisha mu ngando akora "lavage d'esprit", kwoza ubwonko bw'abo badahuje ibitekerezo. Ubanza aliko bitaramuhiliye. Mu minsi ishize ngo nawe yarahafashe, aho ageze bakamuvugiliza induru. Bikababaza urubyaro rwe aliko nta wuhishira umurozi. Ubu ngo yaba asigaye yihisha muli USA.
Ibigezweho rero noneho ni uguhunga kwa ba Ambabassadeurs Bizimana na Nyamwasa, ukwongeraho uwahoze ali chef wabo Bumaya. Ngaho namwe mwo kabyara mwe, mwabonye igihugu abantu bose bavamo biruka bameze nk'ubuhuza? Bizimana baramurega ko yakoranaga na FDU. Nyamwasa we yali uwo mu kazu ka Nakivala ngo hali iby'amafaranga basahuye muli RDC no gushaka guhilika ubutegetsi bwa Kagame bamuvugaho. Nawe yigeze kwihandagaza avuga ko "azica, yongere yice abazashaka gutera u Rwanda kugeza igihe inyota yo gutera ibavamo". Mwumve nawe bimugezeho. Ubu arashakishilizwa ku ruhindu n'ibihugu 3, Espagne yiciye abapadiri n'abafrères, Ubufransa yahekuliye abaderevu b'indege ya Kinani, n'Urwanda rwa mwene Rutagambwa ngo ateramo grenades.
Bumaya we Kagame yali yaramugize ingwiza murongo. Ngo ntiyashoboye gushyira mu bikorwa ikemezo cyo kumara abarwanya leta ye bali mu mahanga. We aliko yigeze kuza muli Togo akili Minaffet, avugana n'abantu mu mwiherero, ati erega burya ntacyo tubarusha, ati yego turacyali mu byacu, aliko ejo cyangwa ejobundi wakwumva inkotanyi zatwivuganye cg twahunze nkamwe.
Burya rero abantu si bamwe. Hali ibigwali byinshi byiganje mu banyarwanda. Umuco wo guhakwa no guhakishwa abandi waratwokamye. Ubonye uko agera ku mbehe y'ubutware, abishoboye yakwihakana se na nyina aliko akabigeraho. Kugambanira mugenzi wawe ntibikili ikibazo. Ikibazo kiba gusa iyo bikugezeho. Ibi rero bikwiliye kutugira inama yo kwita ku bibazo bya bagenzi bacu. Ntidukwiliye kwishimira ko bano cg baliya bahunze bakaba basigaye ali imbuza karago. Ntidukwiye kwishimira ko ba naka bafunzwe kandi ali abere. Ahubwo dukwiliye kwimikaza umuco w'ubupfura, wo gufashanya no gutabarana. Dukwiliye guhuliza ku cyatuma igihugu cyacu gitera imbere, ntihakongere kuboneka abantu basenya, ahubwo twese tukabwilizwa kucyubaka. Dukwiliye kwivanamo amacakubili yimikaza ubwoko, uturere n'ibindi byose bitadufitye akamaro.
Nimucyo duhaguruke dushyireho inzego za demokarasi isesuye. Niyo yonyine izaca akaga ko kongera guhunga igihugu cyatwibarutse. Bizoroha se kubigeraho? Kagame n'abamwungilije, nduzi igihugu barakifatiye, sinzi uzashobora kukibagobotora mu ntoki aho azava. Ndakeka aliko, ko Urwanda ruzatubyalira intwali zo kurutabara. Ashobora kuba wowe cg jyewe. Imana ikomeze irambulireho amaboko igihugu cyacu n'abakilimo bose.
Muhorane amahoro.
Dieudonné RWASIBO